Table 1  Characteristics of included studies

Country

 United States

38 (84.4)

21 (75.0)

15 (75.0)

 Canada

4 (8.9)

3 (10.7)

1 (5.0)

 Other^b

3 (6.7)

2 (7.1)

1 (5.0)

Study design

 Randomized trial

10 (22.2)

4 (14.3)

8 (40.0)

 Observational study

19 (42.2)

14 (50.0)

5 (25.0)

 Pilot/feasibility study

16 (35.6)

10 (35.7)

7 (35.0)

Substance use disorder/s addressed^c

 Substance use disorder (general)

14 (31.1)

10 (35.7)

5 (25.0)

 Opioid use disorder

32 (71.1)

22 (78.6)

12 (60.0)

 Alcohol use disorder

15 (33.3)

6 (21.4)

10 (50.0)

 Cocaine use disorder

3 (6.7)

0 (0.0)

3 (15.0)

 Methamphetamine use disorder

2 (4.4)

0 (0.0)

2 (10.0)

 Sedative use disorder

2 (4.4)

2 (7.1)

0 (0.0)

SUD treatment outcome/s measured^c

 Community SUD treatment visit post-discharge

28 (62.2

23 (82.1)

9 (45.0)

 Time to first community SUD treatment visit

3 (6.7)

2 (7.1)

1 (5.0)

 Retention/length of engagement in SUD treatment

30 (66.7)

17 (60.7)

14 (70.0)

Data sources used to ascertain outcomes^c

 Active data collection

  Data collected from community treatment clinic

9 (20.0)

5 (17.9)

4 (20.0)

  Data collected via follow up up with patients

6 (13.3)

2 (7.1)

4 (20.0)

  Data collected via unspecified source

14 (31.1)

9 (32.1)

8 (40.0)

Passive Data Collection

 Data ascertained via Electronic health record

23 (51.1)

16 (57.1)

7 (35.0)

 Data ascertained via prescription drug monitoring programs

2 (4.4)

2 (7.1)

0 (0.0)

 Data ascertained via medicaid claims

1 (2.2)

0 (0.0)

1 (5.0)

 Data ascertained via other administrative data^d

3 (6.7)

3 (10.7)

0 (0.0)