| |
Substance use disorder with no history of incarceration (N = 8183)
|
Substance use disorder with history of incarceration (N = 2670)
|
Test of difference
|
|---|
|
Mean/raw n (sd/weighted %)
|
Mean/raw n (sd/weighted %)
|
Cohen’s d/odds ratio (95% CI)
|
|---|
|
Background characteristics
|
|
Age
|
41.29 (.24)
|
42.64 (.31)
|
.07
|
|
Sex-male
|
4096 (54.31)
|
1925 (75.64)
|
2.61 (2.37, 2.88)
|
|
Race
|
|
White
|
5170 (74.96)
|
1475 (68.78)
|
.74 (.66, .83)
|
|
Black
|
1316 (8.29)
|
639 (13.83)
|
|
Sexual orientation
|
|
Heterosexual
|
7648 (95.32)
|
2495 (94.46)
|
.84 (.66, 1.07)
|
|
Gay/bisexual
|
455 (4.68)
|
152 (5.54)
|
|
Years of education
|
10.33 (.05)
|
9.19 (.04)
|
− 0.28
|
|
Marital status
|
|
Married/Live-in partner
|
3692 (55.86)
|
960 (46.57)
|
.69 (.54, .88)
|
|
Divorced/Separated
|
1522 (14.00)
|
753 (23.96)
|
|
Widowed
|
250 (2.25)
|
73 (1.97)
|
|
Never married
|
2719 (27.89)
|
884 (27.50)
|
|
Age first married
|
24.32 (.10)
|
24.38 (.19)
|
.01
|
|
# of children
|
1.59 (.03)
|
2.11 (.08)
|
.17
|
|
Birthplace
|
|
Foreign-born
|
7453 (92.47)
|
2522 (94.67)
|
.69 (.54, .88)
|
|
Native-born
|
729 (7.53)
|
146 (5.33)
|
|
Years living in the United States
|
20.49 (.59)
|
29.14 (1.10)
|
.16
|
|
Urbanicity
|
|
Urban
|
6869 (79.67)
|
2201 (77.19)
|
.86 (.72, 1.04)
|
|
Rural
|
1314 (20.33)
|
469 (22.81)
|
|
Region
|
|
Northeast
|
1270 (20.10)
|
259 (11.78)
|
.53 (.42, .67)
|
|
Midwest
|
1978 (24.52)
|
629 (23.88)
|
|
South
|
2689 (30.56)
|
1043 (38.64)
|
|
West
|
2246 (24.82)
|
739 (25.70)
|
|
Employed full/part-time
|
5244 (65.05)
|
1266 (44.37)
|
.67 (.60, .76)
|
|
Ever served in the U.S. military
|
816 (10.67)
|
409 (15.84)
|
1.58 (1.35, 1.84)
|
|
Annual personal income
|
|
$0
|
298 (4.07)
|
57 (2.05)
|
2.17 (1.59, 2.98)
|
|
$1–$9999
|
1409 (16.64)
|
662 (24.25)
|
|
$10,000–29,999
|
2960 (32.96)
|
1122 (39.52)
|
|
$30,000–49,999
|
1700 (21.04)
|
483 (18.13)
|
|
$50,000–79,999
|
1101 (14.29)
|
246 (10.70)
|
|
$80,000–99,999
|
297 (4.01)
|
39 (2.00)
|
|
$100,000 or more
|
418 (6.98)
|
61 (3.34)
|
|
Health coverage
|
|
Medicare
|
1077 (12.94)
|
454 (16.24)
|
1.30 (1.11, 1.54)
|
|
Medicaid
|
1002 (9.40)
|
561 (17.85)
|
2.09 (1.79, 2.45)
|
|
VA/TRICARE/CHAMPUS
|
433 (4.90)
|
159 (5.96)
|
1.23 (.98, 1.55)
|
|
Private insurance
|
4860 (65.18)
|
989 (40.24)
|
.36 (.32, .41)
|
|
Government/state insurance
|
184 (2.31)
|
91 (3.08)
|
1.34 (.92, 1.97)
|
|
Any health insurance
|
6507 (81.86)
|
1823 (69.02)
|
.49 (.43, .57)
|
|
Social support score
|
2.56 (.003)
|
2.58 (.007)
|
.07
|
|
Any lifetime homelessness
|
501 (5.40)
|
607 (22.47)
|
5.08 (4.34, 5.95)
|
- Reference groups are female, non-white, gay/bisexual, rural, income ≥ 100,000 participants with no history of incarceration
- Italic values indicate d > .3 or OR < .5 or OR > 1.5
