Table 1 Implementation strategies identified in published evaluations of care delivery and implementation interventions that have aimed to increase medication treatment for patients with alcohol use disorder

Assess readiness and identify barriers/facilitators

O

X

X

X

X

X

X

Distribute educational materials

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Facilitate relay of clinical data to providers

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Provide ongoing consultation

O

X

X

X

X

X

O

Intervene with patients/consumers to enhance uptake and adherence

O

X

O

X

X

X

Conduct ongoing training

O

X

X

X

X

X

Create new clinical teams

X

X

X

X

X

O

Identify and prepare champions

O

X

X

X

X

X

Provide local technical assistance

O

O

X

X

X

X

Conduct educational meetings

X

X

X

X

X

X

Develop and implement tools for quality monitoring

X

X

X

X

X

X

Develop/organize quality monitoring systems

X

X

X

X

X

Conduct educational outreach visits

O

X

X

X

X

Audit and provide feedback

O

O

X

X

X

Develop educational materials

X

X

X

X

O

Organize clinician implementation team meetings

O

X

X

X

X

Facilitation

O

X

X

X

X

Obtain formal commitments

X

X

X

X

X

Remind clinicians

O

X

O

X

X

Revise professional roles

O

X

X

X

O

Provide clinical supervision

X

X

X

X

Develop academic partnerships

X

X

O

O

Promote adaptability

O

X

X

X

Centralize technical assistance

O

X

X

O

Conduct cyclical small tests of change

X

O

X

O

Create a learning collaborative

X

X

X

O

Make training dynamic

X

X

O

O

Purposely reexamine the implementation

O

O

X

X

Tailor strategies

X

X

X

X

Use an implementation advisor

X

O

O

O

Use data warehousing techniques

O

X

X

X

Conduct local needs assessment

X

X

X

Change record systems

O

O

X

Promote network weaving

X

X

O

Build a coalition

O

X

O

Conduct local consensus discussions

O

X

O

Develop a formal implementation blueprint

X

X

X

Recruit, designate, and train for leadership

X

O

X

Access new funding

O

X

Change service sites

X

X

Increase demand

X

X

Involve executive boards

O

O

Involve patients/consumers and family members

X

X

Prepare patients to be active participants

O

X

Use advisory boards and workgroups

O

O

Use data experts

X

?

Capture and share local knowledge

X

X

Identify early adopters

O

O

Make billing easier

X

O

Visit other sites

X

X

Alter incentive/allowance structures

X

Alter patient/consumer fees

X

Change physical structure and equipment

O

Inform local opinion leaders

X

Mandate change

X

Model and simulate change

X

Use train-the-trainer strategies

O

Fund and contract for the clinical innovation

Work with educational institutions

Develop resource sharing agreements

Change accreditation or membership requirements

Change liability laws

Create/change credentialing and/or licensure standards

Develop an implementation glossary

Develop disincentives

Obtain/use patient/consumer/family feedback

Place innovation on fee for service lists/formularies

Shadow other experts

Stage implementation scale up

Start a dissemination organization

Use capitated payments

Use mass media

Use other payment schemes