Characteristic | Bivariable | Multivariable | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Per 10 years older) | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | 0.101 |  |  |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Male vs. female/non-male) | 0.49 (0.31–0.80) | 0.004 | 0.50 (0.31–0.82) | 0.006 |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Caucasian vs. other) | 1.39 (0.84–2.28) | 0.198 |  |  |
Homelessnessa | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.61 (1.21–2.16) | 0.001 | 1.47 (1.07–2.01) | 0.016 |
Relationship statusa | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Legally married/common law/regular partner vs. other) | 0.82 (0.60–1.12) | 0.213 |  |  |
Highest level of education completed | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (≥ high school diploma vs. < high school diploma) | 1.01 (0.62–1.65) | 0.957 |  |  |
Employmenta | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 0.73 (0.56–0.95) | 0.018 |  |  |
Money spent on drugs p/day | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (= $50 per day vs. < $50 per day) | 1.53 (1.15–2.02) | 0.003 |  |  |
Drug dealinga | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.93 (1.50–2.49) | < 0.001 | 1.76 (1.33–2.31) | < 0.001 |
Years of using injection heroin at baseline | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Per year increase) | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.781 |  |  |
Daily non-injection cocaine usea | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.76 (0.54–5.68) | 0.347 |  |  |
Daily non-injection heroin usea | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 7.45 (1.50–37.05) | 0.014 | 8.18 (1.25–53.56) | 0.028 |
Daily crack usea | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.56 (1.17–2.09) | 0.003 | 1.35 (1.01–1.82) | 0.045 |
Daily meth usea | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.79 (0.97–3.30) | 0.061 |  |  |
Overdosea | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.29 (0.77–2.15) | 0.328 |  |  |
Lent syringea | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 0.93 (0.24–3.59) | 0.915 |  |  |
Recent incarcerationa | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.34 (0.83–2.18) | 0.233 |  |  |
Engaged in any form of unprotected sexa | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.07 (0.64–1.81) | 0.787 |  |  |
Exchanged sex for gifts, food, shelter, clothes, etc.a | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.30 (0.73–2.32) | 0.378 |  |  |
Attacked, assaulted, or suffered violencea | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.10 (0.76–1.58) | 0.613 |  |  |
HCVa | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Yes vs. no) | 1.05 (0.53–2.05) | 0.898 |  |  |
Plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load > 50 c/mLa |  |  |  |  |
 (Yes vs. no) | 0.98 (0.76–1.25) | 0.853 |  |  |
On ART (≥ 1 day)a |  |  |  |  |
 (Yes vs. no) | 0.79 (0.56–1.10) | 0.162 |  |  |
CD4+Â cell counta | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 (Per 100 cells/mL increase) | 1.07 (0.99–1.15) | 0.096 | 1.08 (1.00–1.17) | 0.042 |